QUESTION 13 : List 3 notable early sound filmmakers

EARLY LIFE
Mamoulian was born in Tbilisi Georgia (ruled at that time by imperial Russia) to an Armenian family. His mother, Virginia (née Kalantarian), was a director of the Armenian theater, and his father, Zachary Mamoulian, was a bank president. Mamoulian relocated to England and started directing plays in London in 1922. He was brought to America the next year by Vladimir Rosing to teach at the Eastman school of music and was involved in directing opera and theatre.
In 1925, Mamoulian was head of the School of Drama, where Martha was also working at the time. Among other performances, together they produced a short two-color film called The Flute Of Krishna featuring Eastman students. Mamoulian left Eastman shortly thereafter and Graham chose to leave also, even though she was asked to stay on. In 1930, Mamoulian became a naturalized citizen of the United States.


The Love Parade is a 1929 musical comedy film about the marital difficulties of Queen Louise of Sylvania (Jeanette Macdonald) and her consort, Count Alfred Renard (Maurice Chevalier). Despite his love for Louise and his promise to be an obedient husband, Count Alfred finds his role as a figurehead unbearable.
The film was written by Guy Bolton and Ernest Vajda, from the play The Prince Consort, written by Jules Chancel and Leon Xanrof. The film was directed by Ernst Lubitsch. This film is notable for being both the film debut of Jeanette MacDonald and the first "talkie" film by Ernst Lubitsch.
This huge box-office hit appeared just after the Wall Street crash, and did much to save the fortunes of Paramount. Ironically, Chevalier had claimed that he would never be capable of acting as a Royal courtier, and had to be persuaded by Lubitsch



Steamboat Willie is a 1928 American animated short film directed by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks. It was produced in black-and-white by the Walt Disney Studios and released by Celebrity Productions. The cartoon is considered the debut of Mickey Mouse and his girlfriend Minnie, but the characters had both appeared several months earlier in test screenings. Steamboat Willie was the third of Mickey's films to be produced, but was the first to be distributed
The film is also notable for being one of the first cartoons with synchronized sound. In fact, it was the first cartoon to feature a fully post-produced soundtrack which distinguished it from earlier sound cartoons such as Inkwell Studios' Song Car Tune (1924–1927) and Van Beuren Studio (1928). Also distinguishing Steamboat Willie from earlier sound cartoons was the level of popularity.
Music for Steamboat Willie was arranged by Wilfred Jackson and Bert Lewis, and included the songs "Steamboat Bill," a 1911 Arthur Collins composition, and "Turkey In The Straw" The title of the film is a parody of the Buster Keaton film (1928),itself a reference to the song by Collins. Walt Disney performed all of the voices in the film, although there is little intelligible dialogue.
While the film has received some criticism due to humorous depiction of cruelty to animals, it has also received wide critical acclaim, not only for introducing one of the world's most popular cartoon characters, but for the innovation. In 1994 members of the animation field voted Steamboat Willie 13th in the book, The 50 Greatest Cartoons which listed the greatest cartoons of all time. In 1998 the film was selected for preservation in the United States' National Film Registry for being deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant."